Jan 15, 2016 Hello fiends when i was in my MCA and learning sql that time i face some problem in running sql query due to some problem in software. Than i start digging into internet and finally found something good method to execute SQL queries online. I tell you proper guide to work with it Oracle Apex provides online space for you to create and execute your sql queries. Query Panel Use this panel to try to solve the problem with other SQL statements (SELECTs, etc.). Results will be displayed below. Share your queries by copying and pasting the URL that is generated after each run.
APPLIES TO: SQL Server Azure SQL Database Azure SQL Data Warehouse Parallel Data Warehouse
Executes a command string or character string within a Transact-SQL batch, or one of the following modules: system stored procedure, user-defined stored procedure, CLR stored procedure, scalar-valued user-defined function, or extended stored procedure. The EXECUTE statement can be used to send pass-through commands to linked servers. Additionally, the context in which a string or command is executed can be explicitly set. Metadata for the result set can be defined by using the WITH RESULT SETS options.
Important
Before you call EXECUTE with a character string, validate the character string. Never execute a command constructed from user input that has not been validated.
SyntaxArguments
@return_status
Is an optional integer variable that stores the return status of a module. This variable must be declared in the batch, stored procedure, or function before it is used in an EXECUTE statement.
When used to invoke a scalar-valued user-defined function, the @return_status variable can be of any scalar data type.
module_name
Is the fully qualified or nonfully qualified name of the stored procedure or scalar-valued user-defined function to call. Module names must comply with the rules for identifiers. The names of extended stored procedures are always case-sensitive, regardless of the collation of the server.
A module that has been created in another database can be executed if the user running the module owns the module or has the appropriate permission to execute it in that database. A module can be executed on another server running SQL Server if the user running the module has the appropriate permission to use that server (remote access) and to execute the module in that database. If a server name is specified but no database name is specified, the SQL Server Database Engine looks for the module in the default database of the user.
;number
Applies to: SQL Server 2008 through SQL Server 2017
Is an optional integer that is used to group procedures of the same name. This parameter is not used for extended stored procedures.
Note
This feature is in maintenance mode and may be removed in a future version of Microsoft SQL Server. Avoid using this feature in new development work, and plan to modify applications that currently use this feature.
For more information about procedure groups, see CREATE PROCEDURE (Transact-SQL).
@module_name_var
Is the name of a locally defined variable that represents a module name.
This can be a variable that holds the name of a natively compiled, scalar user-defined function.
@parameter
Is the parameter for module_name, as defined in the module. Parameter names must be preceded by the at sign (@). When used with the @parameter_name=value form, parameter names and constants do not have to be supplied in the order in which they are defined in the module. However, if the @parameter_name=value form is used for any parameter, it must be used for all subsequent parameters.
By default, parameters are nullable.
value
Is the value of the parameter to pass to the module or pass-through command. If parameter names are not specified, parameter values must be supplied in the order defined in the module.
When executing pass-through commands against linked servers, the order of the parameter values depends on the OLE DB provider of the linked server. Most OLE DB providers bind values to parameters from left to right.
If the value of a parameter is an object name, character string, or qualified by a database name or schema name, the whole name must be enclosed in single quotation marks. If the value of a parameter is a keyword, the keyword must be enclosed in double quotation marks.
If you pass a single word that does not begin with
@ and that's not enclosed in quotation marks - for example, if you forget @ on a parameter name - the word is treated as an nvarchar string, in spite of the missing quotation marks.
If a default is defined in the module, a user can execute the module without specifying a parameter.
The default can also be NULL. Generally, the module definition specifies the action that should be taken if a parameter value is NULL.
@variable
Is the variable that stores a parameter or a return parameter.
OUTPUT
Specifies that the module or command string returns a parameter. The matching parameter in the module or command string must also have been created by using the keyword OUTPUT. Use this keyword when you use cursor variables as parameters.
If value is defined as OUTPUT of a module executed against a linked server, any changes to the corresponding @parameter performed by the OLE DB provider will be copied back to the variable at the end of the execution of module.
If OUTPUT parameters are being used and the intent is to use the return values in other statements within the calling batch or module, the value of the parameter must be passed as a variable, such as @parameter = @variable. You cannot execute a module by specifying OUTPUT for a parameter that is not defined as an OUTPUT parameter in the module. Constants cannot be passed to module by using OUTPUT; the return parameter requires a variable name. The data type of the variable must be declared and a value assigned before executing the procedure.
When EXECUTE is used against a remote stored procedure, or to execute a pass-through command against a linked server, OUTPUT parameters cannot be any one of the large object (LOB) data types.
Return parameters can be of any data type except the LOB data types.
DEFAULT
Supplies the default value of the parameter as defined in the module. When the module expects a value for a parameter that does not have a defined default and either a parameter is missing or the DEFAULT keyword is specified, an error occurs.
@string_variable
Is the name of a local variable. @string_variable can be any char, varchar, nchar, or nvarchar data type. These include the (max) data types.
[N] 'tsql_string'
Is a constant string. tsql_string can be any nvarchar or varchar data type. If the N is included, the string is interpreted as nvarchar data type.
AS <context_specification>
Specifies the context in which the statement is executed.
LOGIN
Applies to: SQL Server 2008 through SQL Server 2017
Specifies the context to be impersonated is a login. The scope of impersonation is the server.
USER
Specifies the context to be impersonated is a user in the current database. The scope of impersonation is restricted to the current database. A context switch to a database user does not inherit the server-level permissions of that user.
Important
While the context switch to the database user is active, any attempt to access resources outside the database will cause the statement to fail. This includes USE database statements, distributed queries, and queries that reference another database by using three- or four-part identifiers.
'name'
Is a valid user or login name. name must be a member of the sysadmin fixed server role or exist as a principal in sys.database_principals or sys.server_principals, respectively.
name cannot be a built-in account, such as NT AUTHORITYLocalService, NT AUTHORITYNetworkService, or NT AUTHORITYLocalSystem.
For more information, see Specifying a User or Login Name later in this topic.
[N] 'command_string'
Is a constant string that contains the command to be passed through to the linked server. If the N is included, the string is interpreted as nvarchar data type.
[?]
Indicates parameters for which values are supplied in the <arg-list> of pass-through commands that are used in an EXEC('..', <arg-list>) AT <linkedsrv> statement. Execute Pl Sql Queries Online
AT linked_server_name
Applies to: SQL Server 2008 through SQL Server 2017
Specifies that command_string is executed against linked_server_name and results, if any, are returned to the client. linked_server_name must refer to an existing linked server definition in the local server. Linked servers are defined by using sp_addlinkedserver.
WITH <execute_option>
Possible execute options. The RESULT SETS options cannot be specified in an INSERT..EXEC statement.
<result_sets_definition>Applies to: SQL Server 2012 (11.x) through SQL Server 2017, Azure SQL Database
Describes the result sets returned by the executed statements. The clauses of the result_sets_definition have the following meaning
The actual result set being returned during execution can differ from the result defined using the WITH RESULT SETS clause in one of the following ways: number of result sets, number of columns, column name, nullability, and data type. If the number of result sets differs, an error occurs and the batch is aborted.
Remarks
Parameters can be supplied either by using value or by using @parameter_name=value. A parameter is not part of a transaction; therefore, if a parameter is changed in a transaction that is later rolled back, the value of the parameter does not revert to its previous value. The value returned to the caller is always the value at the time the module returns.
Nesting occurs when one module calls another or executes managed code by referencing a common language runtime (CLR) module, user-defined type, or aggregate. The nesting level is incremented when the called module or managed code reference starts execution, and it is decremented when the called module or managed code reference has finished. Exceeding the maximum of 32 nesting levels causes the complete calling chain to fail. The current nesting level is stored in the @@NESTLEVEL system function.
Because remote stored procedures and extended stored procedures are not within the scope of a transaction (unless issued within a BEGIN DISTRIBUTED TRANSACTION statement or when used with various configuration options), commands executed through calls to them cannot be rolled back. For more information, see System Stored Procedures (Transact-SQL) and BEGIN DISTRIBUTED TRANSACTION (Transact-SQL).
When you use cursor variables, if you execute a procedure that passes in a cursor variable with a cursor allocated to it an error occurs.
You do not have to specify the EXECUTE keyword when executing modules if the statement is the first one in a batch.
For additional information specific to CLR stored procedures, see CLR Stored Procedures.
Using EXECUTE with Stored Procedures
You do not have to specify the EXECUTE keyword when you execute stored procedures when the statement is the first one in a batch.
SQL Server system stored procedures start with the characters sp_. They are physically stored in the Resource database, but logically appear in the sys schema of every system and user-defined database. When you execute a system stored procedure, either in a batch or inside a module such as a user-defined stored procedure or function, we recommend that you qualify the stored procedure name with the sys schema name.
SQL Server system extended stored procedures start with the characters xp_, and these are contained in the dbo schema of the master database. When you execute a system extended stored procedure, either in a batch or inside a module such as a user-defined stored procedure or function, we recommend that you qualify the stored procedure name with master.dbo.
When you execute a user-defined stored procedure, either in a batch or inside a module such as a user-defined stored procedure or function, we recommend that you qualify the stored procedure name with a schema name. We do not recommend that you name a user-defined stored procedure with the same name as a system stored procedure. For more information about executing stored procedures, see Execute a Stored Procedure.
Using EXECUTE with a Character String
In earlier versions of SQL Server, character strings are limited to 8,000 bytes. This requires concatenating large strings for dynamic execution. In SQL Server, the varchar(max) and nvarchar(max) data types can be specified that allow for character strings to be up to 2 gigabytes of data.
Changes in database context last only until the end of the EXECUTE statement. For example, after the
EXEC in this following statement is run, the database context is master.
Context Switching
You can use the
AS { LOGIN | USER } = ' name ' clause to switch the execution context of a dynamic statement. When the context switch is specified as EXECUTE ('string') AS <context_specification> , the duration of the context switch is limited to the scope of the query being executed.
Specifying a User or Login Name
The user or login name specified in
AS { LOGIN | USER } = ' name ' must exist as a principal in sys.database_principals or sys.server_principals, respectively, or the statement will fail. Additionally, IMPERSONATE permissions must be granted on the principal. Unless the caller is the database owner or is a member of the sysadmin fixed server role, the principal must exist even when the user is accessing the database or instance of SQL Server through a Windows group membership. For example, assume the following conditions:
Although CompanyDomainSqlUser1 has access to the database through membership in the SQLUsers group, the statement
EXECUTE @string_variable AS USER = 'CompanyDomainSqlUser1' will fail because CompanyDomainSqlUser1 does not exist as a principal in the database.
Best Practices
Specify a login or user that has the least privileges required to perform the operations that are defined in the statement or module. For example, do not specify a login name, which has server-level permissions, if only database-level permissions are required; or do not specify a database owner account unless those permissions are required.
Permissions
Permissions are not required to run the EXECUTE statement. However, permissions are required on the securables that are referenced within the EXECUTE string. For example, if the string contains an INSERT statement, the caller of the EXECUTE statement must have INSERT permission on the target table. Permissions are checked at the time EXECUTE statement is encountered, even if the EXECUTE statement is included within a module.
EXECUTE permissions for a module default to the owner of the module, who can transfer them to other users. When a module is run that executes a string, permissions are checked in the context of the user who executes the module, not in the context of the user who created the module. However, if the same user owns the calling module and the module being called, EXECUTE permission checking is not performed for the second module.
If the module accesses other database objects, execution succeeds when you have EXECUTE permission on the module and one of the following is true:
Execute Sql Statement OnlineContext Switching Permissions
To specify EXECUTE AS on a login, the caller must have IMPERSONATE permissions on the specified login name. To specify EXECUTE AS on a database user, the caller must have IMPERSONATE permissions on the specified user name. When no execution context is specified, or EXECUTE AS CALLER is specified, IMPERSONATE permissions are not required.
ExamplesA. Using EXECUTE to pass a single parameter
The
uspGetEmployeeManagers stored procedure in the AdventureWorks2012 database expects one parameter (@EmployeeID ). The following examples execute the uspGetEmployeeManagers stored procedure with Employee ID 6 as its parameter value.
The variable can be explicitly named in the execution: Best free visual novels.
If the following is the first statement in a batch or an osql or sqlcmd script, EXEC is not required.
Execute Sql Query Online ExecutionB. Using multiple parameters
The following example executes the
spGetWhereUsedProductID stored procedure in the AdventureWorks2012 database. It passes two parameters: the first parameter is a product ID (819 ) and the second parameter, @CheckDate, is a datetime value.
C. Using EXECUTE 'tsql_string' with a variable
The following example shows how
EXECUTE handles dynamically built strings that contain variables. This example creates the tables_cursor cursor to hold a list of all user-defined tables in the AdventureWorks2012 database, and then uses that list to rebuild all indexes on the tables.
D. Using EXECUTE with a remote stored procedure
The following example executes the
uspGetEmployeeManagers stored procedure on the remote server SQLSERVER1 and stores the return status that indicates success or failure in @retstat .
Applies to: SQL Server 2008 through SQL Server 2017
E. Using EXECUTE with a stored procedure variable
The following example creates a variable that represents a stored procedure name.
F. Using EXECUTE with DEFAULT
The following example creates a stored procedure with default values for the first and third parameters. When the procedure is run, these defaults are inserted for the first and third parameters when no value is passed in the call or when the default is specified. Note the various ways the
DEFAULT keyword can be used.
The
Proc_Test_Defaults stored procedure can be executed in many combinations.
G. Using EXECUTE with AT linked_server_name
The following example passes a command string to a remote server. It creates a linked server
SeattleSales that points to another instance of SQL Server and executes a DDL statement (CREATE TABLE ) against that linked server.
Applies to: SQL Server 2008 through SQL Server 2017
H. Using EXECUTE WITH RECOMPILE
The following example executes the
Proc_Test_Defaults stored procedure and forces a new query plan to be compiled, used, and discarded after the module is executed.
I. Using EXECUTE with a user-defined function
The following example executes the
ufnGetSalesOrderStatusText scalar user-defined function in the AdventureWorks2012 database. It uses the variable @returnstatus to store the value returned by the function. The function expects one input parameter, @Status . This is defined as a tinyint data type.
J. Using EXECUTE to query an Oracle database on a linked server
Saint seiya omega episode 1. The following example executes several
SELECT statements at the remote Oracle server. The example begins by adding the Oracle server as a linked server and creating linked server login.
Applies to: SQL Server 2008 through SQL Server 2017
K. Using EXECUTE AS USER to switch context to another user
The following example executes a Transact-SQL string that creates a table and specifies the
AS USER clause to switch the execution context of the statement from the caller to User1 . The Database Engine will check the permissions of User1 when the statement is run. User1 must exist as a user in the database and must have permission to create tables in the Sales schema, or the statement fails.
L. Using a parameter with EXECUTE and AT linked_server_name
The following example passes a command string to a remote server by using a question mark (
? ) placeholder for a parameter. The example creates a linked server SeattleSales that points to another instance of SQL Server and executes a SELECT statement against that linked server. The SELECT statement uses the question mark as a place holder for the ProductID parameter (952 ), which is provided after the statement.
Applies to: SQL Server 2008 through SQL Server 2017
M. Using EXECUTE to redefine a single result set
Some of the previous examples executed
EXEC dbo.uspGetEmployeeManagers 6; which returned 7 columns. The following example demonstrates using the WITH RESULT SET syntax to change the names and data types of the returning result set.
Applies to: SQL Server 2012 (11.x) through SQL Server 2017, Azure SQL Database
N. Using EXECUTE to redefine a two result sets
When executing a statement that returns more than one result set, define each expected result set. The following example in AdventureWorks2012 creates a procedure that returns two result sets. Then the procedure is executed using the WITH RESULT SETS clause, and specifying two result set definitions.
Applies to: SQL Server 2012 (11.x) through SQL Server 2017, Azure SQL Database
Examples: Azure SQL Data Warehouse and Parallel Data WarehouseExample O: Basic Procedure Execution
Executing a stored procedure:
Calling a stored procedure with name determined at runtime:
Calling a stored procedure from within a stored procedure:
Example P: Executing Strings
Executing a SQL string:
Sql Query Delete
Executing a nested string:
Executing a string variable:
Example Q: Procedures with Parameters
The following example creates a procedure with parameters and demonstrates 3 ways to execute the procedure:
See AlsoSql Query Examples
@@NESTLEVEL (Transact-SQL)
DECLARE @local_variable (Transact-SQL) EXECUTE AS Clause (Transact-SQL) osql Utility Principals (Database Engine) REVERT (Transact-SQL) sp_addlinkedserver (Transact-SQL) sqlcmd Utility SUSER_NAME (Transact-SQL) sys.database_principals (Transact-SQL) sys.server_principals (Transact-SQL) USER_NAME (Transact-SQL) OPENDATASOURCE (Transact-SQL) Scalar User-Defined Functions for In-Memory OLTP Comments are closed.
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